Monday, 8 September 2014

Raner, Harris, & Chan is a consulting firm that specializes in information systems for medical and dental clinics. The firm has two offices—one in Chicago and one in Minneapolis. The firm classifies

Raner, Harris, & Chan is a consulting firm that specializes in information systems for medical and dental clinics. The firm has two offices—one in Chicago and one in Minneapolis. The firm classifies the direct costs of consulting jobs as variable costs. A contribution format segmented income statement for the company's most recent year is given below:

Office
Total Company Chicago Minneapolis
  Sales $600,000 100%   $120,000 100%   $480,000 100%  
  Variable expenses
324,000
54%  
36,000
30%  
288,000
60%  
  Contribution margin 276,000 46%   84,000 70%   192,000 40%  
  Traceable fixed expenses
134,400
22%  
62,400
52%  
72,000
15%  
  Office segment margin 141,600 24%  
$21,600
18%  
$120,000
25%  
  Common fixed expenses not
      traceable to offices
96,000 16%  
  Net operating income
$45,600
8%  


Refer to the original data. Assume that sales in Chicago increase by $40,000 next year and that sales in Minneapolis remain unchanged. Assume no change in fixed costs. Prepare a new segmented income statement for the company. (Round your percentage amounts to 2 decimal places. Input all amounts as positive value. Omit the "$" and "%" signs in your response.)

Segments
Total Company Chicago Minneapolis
Amount % Amount % Amount %
  Sales $     $     $    
  Variable expenses
 
 
 
 
 
 
  Contribution margin            
  Traceable fixed expenses
 
 
 
 
 
 
  Office segment margin    
$  
 
$  
 
  Common fixed expenses
     not traceable to segments
   
  Net operating income
$  
 

Thursday, 4 September 2014

Account classifications include assets, liabilities, stockholders’ equity, dividends, revenues, and expenses. Required: For each transaction, select whether the related account would be classified as an asset, liability, or stockholders’ equity to be reported in the balance sheet; a revenue or expense to be reported in the income statement; or a dividend to be reported in the statement of stockholders’ equity.

Account classifications include assets, liabilities, stockholders’ equity, dividends, revenues, and expenses.

Required:
For each transaction, select whether the related account would be classified as an asset, liability, or stockholders’ equity to be reported in the balance sheet; a revenue or expense to be reported in the income statement; or a dividend to be reported in the statement of stockholders’ equity.


Tuesday, 2 September 2014

Internal service funds are reported as a. business-type activities in government-wide statements and governmental funds in funds statements b. proprietary funds in funds statements and governmental activities in government-wide statements c. business-type activities in government-wide statements and proprietary funds in funds statements d. governmental funds in funds statements and governmental activities in government-wide statements

Internal service funds are reported as
a. business-type activities in government-wide statements and governmental funds in funds statements
b. proprietary funds in funds statements and governmental activities in government-wide statements
c. business-type activities in government-wide statements and proprietary funds in funds statements
d. governmental funds in funds statements and governmental activities in government-wide statements

Answer


proprietary funds in funds statements and governmental activities in government-wide statements

“Major” funds include a. all governmental funds plus proprietary funds that have fund balances greater than 10% of those of all proprietary funds combined b. the general fund, special revenue funds, capital projects funds, and debt service funds c. the general fund plus all funds having assets greater than 50% of those of the general fund d. the general fund plus other funds in which total assets, revenues, or expenditures/expenses of the fund are at least 10% of the corresponding total for the relevant fund category (governmental or enterprise) and also at least 5% of the corresponding total for all governmental and enterprise funds combined

“Major” funds include
a. all governmental funds plus proprietary funds that have fund balances greater than 10% of those of all proprietary funds combined
b. the general fund, special revenue funds, capital projects funds, and debt service funds
c. the general fund plus all funds having assets greater than 50% of those of the general fund
d. the general fund plus other funds in which total assets, revenues, or expenditures/expenses of the fund are at least 10% of the corresponding total for the relevant fund category (governmental or enterprise) and also at least 5% of the corresponding total for all governmental and enterprise funds combined

                                       

Answer
the general fund plus other funds in which total assets, revenues, or expenditures/expenses of the fund are at least 10% of the corresponding total for the relevant fund category (governmental or enterprise) and also at least 5% of the corresponding total for all governmental and enterprise funds combined

Sunday, 3 August 2014

Problem 8-1 Calculating Payback [LO 1] Consider the following cash flows: Year Cash Flow 0 –$6,800 1 1,950 2 4,100 3 1,750 4 1,450

Problem 8-1 Calculating Payback [LO 1]
Consider the following cash flows:

Year Cash Flow
0 –$6,800        
1 1,950        
2 4,100        
3 1,750        
4 1,450        


Required:
What is the payback period for the above set of cash flows? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to 2 decimal places (e.g., 32.16).)

  Payback period years  


Explanation:
To calculate the payback period, we need to find the time the project needs to recover its initial investment. After two years, the project has created:
 
$1,950 + 4,100 = $6,050
 
in cash flows. The project still needs to create another:
 
$6,800 – 6,050 = $750
 
in cash flows. During the third year, the cash flows from the project will be $1,750. So, the payback period will be 2 years, plus what we still need to make divided by what we will make during the third year. The payback period is:
 
Payback = 2 + ($750 / $1,750)
Payback = 2.43 years

Kaleb Konstruction, Inc., has the following mutually exclusive projects available. The company has historically used a three-year cutoff for projects. The required return is 11 percent.

Kaleb Konstruction, Inc., has the following mutually exclusive projects available. The company has historically used a three-year cutoff for projects. The required return is 11 percent.

Year   Project F   Project G
0 –$ 139,000      –$ 209,000     
1   58,000        38,000     
2   52,000        53,000     
3   62,000        92,000     
4   57,000        122,000     
5   52,000        137,000     


Required:
(a)
Calculate the payback period for both projects. (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answers to 2 decimal places (e.g., 32.16).)

  Payback period
  Project F years  
  Project G years  


(b)
Calculate the NPV for both projects. (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answers to 2 decimal places (e.g., 32.16).)

  Net present value
  Project F $    
  Project G $    


(c) Which project should the company accept?
   
  Project G


Explanation:

Kerron Company is presented with the following two mutually exclusive projects. The required return for both projects is 19 percent. Year Project M Project N 0 –$140,000 –$355,000 1 63,500 152,500 2 81,500 180,000 3 72,500 137,500 4 58,500 110,000

Kerron Company is presented with the following two mutually exclusive projects. The required return for both projects is 19 percent.

Year Project M Project N
0 –$140,000      –$355,000     
1 63,500      152,500     
2 81,500      180,000     
3 72,500      137,500     
4 58,500      110,000     


Required:
(a)
What is the IRR for each project? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Enter your answers as a percentage rounded to 2 decimal places (e.g., 32.16).)

     IRR  
  Project M %  
  Project N %  


(b)
What is the NPV for each project? (Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answers to 2 decimal places (e.g., 32.16).)

         NPV  
  Project M $  
  Project N $  


(c) Which, if either, of the projects should the company accept?
   
  Project M


Explanation: (a)
The IRR for each project is:

  M: $140,000 = $63,500 / (1 + IRR) + $81,500 / (1 + IRR)2 + $72,500 / (1 + IRR)3 + $58,500 / (1 + IRR)4

Using a spreadsheet, financial calculator, or trial and error to find the root of the equation, we find that:

IRR = 34.47%

  N: $355,000 = $152,500 / (1 + IRR) + $180,000 / (1 + IRR)2 + $137,500 / (1 + IRR)3 + 110,000 / (1 + IRR)4

Using a spreadsheet, financial calculator, or trial and error to find the root of the equation, we find that:

IRR = 24.61%

The IRR decision rule implies we accept project M because the IRR for M is greater than the IRR for N.

(b)
The NPV for each project is:


  M: NPV = – $140,000 + $63,500 / 1.19 + $81,500 / 1.192 + $72,500 / 1.193 + $58,500 / 1.194
  NPV = $43,108.55

  N: NPV = – $355,000 + $152,500 / 1.19 + $180,000 / 1.192 + $137,500 / 1.193 + $110,000 / 1.194
  NPV = $36,709.17

The NPV criterion implies we accept project M because project M has a higher NPV than project N.

(c)
Accept project M since the NPV is higher. IRR cannot be used to rank mutually exclusive projects.
   
Calculator Solution:
 
Note: Intermediate answers are shown below as rounded, but the full answer was used to complete the calculation.
    
Project M      
CFo
 –$140,000
CFo
 –$140,000
C01
 $63,500
C01
 $63,500
F01
 1
F01
 1
C02
 $81,500
C02
 $81,500
F02
 1
F02
 1
C03
 $72,500
C03
 $72,500
F03
 1
F03
 1
C04  $58,500 C04  $58,500
F04  1 F04  1
  CPT IRR   I = 19
  34.47%   NPV CPT
    $43,108.55
   
Project N      
CFo
 –$355,000
CFo
 –$355,000
C01
 $152,500
C01
 $152,500
F01
 1
F01
 1
C02
 $180,000
C02
 $180,000
F02
 1
F02
 1
C03
 $137,500
C03
 $137,500
F03
 1
F03
 1
C04  $110,000 C04  $110,000
F04  1 F04  1
  CPT IRR   I = 19
  24.61%   NPV CPT
    $36,709.17